The Mixed Method Designs comprises quantitative and qualitative designs. As a result, the data is derived from both questionnaire and the interview. To start with, all returned questionnaires are carefully examined to determine the level of completeness of the answers and accuracy of response. The data then is coded and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22. Eventually, the answers which obtained from the interview are used to compare the qualitative design’s results.
The following analyses are undertaken in the quantitative study:
Descriptive statistics allow researchers to make precise statements about the data. Two statistics are needed to describe the data. A single number can be used to describe the central tendency (the mean, the median, and the mode), or how participants scored overall. Another number describes the variability (range, standard deviations and variance), or how widely the distribution of scores is spread (Cozby & Bates, 2015, pp. 248-9). These two numbers summarize the information contained in a frequency distribution. They are used to answer question number 1 and 3 as follows:
- What are learners’ problems and difficulties in learning and improving their spoken English skills?
- What are learners’ motivation in improving their spoken English skills? The t-test is commonly used to examine whether the two groups are significantly different from each other (Gay, Mills, & Airasian, 2012, p. 532). The analysis of variance, or F-test, is an extension of the t-test. The analysis of variance is a more general statistical procedure than the t-test (Cozby & Bates, 2015, p. 275). They are called ANOVA tests (One-way ANOVA and Two-Ways ANOVA). They are utilized to respond to the question number 3 and 4 as follows:
- Is there any significant difference between the individual differences and English speaking difficulties?
- Is there any significant difference between the individual differences and motivation towards spoken English skills? A correlation coefficient is a statistic that describes how strongly variables are related to one another (Cozby & Bates, 2015, p. 251). This tool is applied in order to answer research question number 5 as follows:
- Is there any significant relationship between English speaking difficulties and learning motivation towards spoken English skills?
In addition, the results obtained from quantitative data are directly compare to the qualitative study’s results. However, the qualitative design would merely answer question number 1, 2 and 3 of this study. Therefore, the first three questions of this study are measured by both quantitative and qualitative methods while the last two questions are merely analyzed by qualitative mode.
Summary
This chapter discussed the research procedure in order to accomplish the research objective; that is to answer the research questions. Besides that, it describes research’s population, sample, variables, and detailed the instruments which were used to collect data and their validity and reliability.
Descriptive statistics such as frequency distributions, means, standard deviations, and percentages to determine the challenges and motivation towards spoken English skills as inferential statistics show whether two or more than two groups of means of variables are significantly different from each other, and of course, correlational study will show how strongly challenges and motivation are related to the spoken English skills. After that, the qualitative data is to obtain in-depth understandings about the way challenges and motivation are, the reasons they are that way and the way the participants in the context perceive towards spoken English skills.
The data collection process and data analysis which are used by the researcher also is detailed in this chapter. The chapter is concluded with a discussion explaining how the data are analysed for each question and clarified the research procedures.
